Encapsulation in Java

Encapsulation in Java is the process of wrapping data (variables) and the code that acts on that data (methods) together as a single unit, typically a class.

Encapsulation in Java is achieved using:

1. Private data members,
2. Public getter and setter methods.

Benefits:

Data Control: You can make a class read-only (by providing only getters) or write-only (by providing only setters).

Validation: Setters allow you to add logic to validate data before it is saved (e.g., ensuring an age is not negative).

Security: It protects sensitive internal states from unauthorized modification.

Maintainability: You can change the internal implementation of a class without breaking the code that uses it.

Example : class Programmer {

private String name;

public String getName() { return name; }

public void setName(String name) {

    this.name = name;
}

}

public class Geeks {

public static void main(String[] args){

    Programmer p = new Programmer();
    p.setName("Geek");
    System.out.println("Name=> " + p.getName());
}

}

Output: Name=> Geek